AOKI, Kei | pseudonym etc:AOKI, Kay |
|---|
Faculty, Department/Institute
- Faculty of Letters General Department of Humanities Department of Cultural Symbiotics
Academic status (qualification)
- Associate Professor Apr. 1,2021
Undergraduate Degrees・University
- Kyoto University of Foreign Studies Faculty of Foreign LanguageDepartment of Brazilian and Portuguese Studies 2011 Graduated
Graduate Degrees・University
- Kyoto University of Foreign Studies Master's Degree Program 2013 Completed
- Kyoto University Doctor's Degree Program 2016 Completed
Academic Degrees
- Mar. 2013 Kyoto University of Foreign Studies
- Mar. 2016 Kyoto University
Homepage Address, E-mail Address
- E-mail Address：kayaoki@kansai-u.ac.jp
Research fields
| Research fields | keyword |
|---|---|
| Cultural anthropology/Folklore |
Research topics
| research topic | Grants-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists : Anthropological Research on Musical Improvisation and the Embodiment of Afro-Creoles in Cabo Verde |
|---|---|
| Study theme state | |
| research duration | 2018 ～ 2021 |
| Research Programs | Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research |
| keyword | creoleness,cultural identity,Morna and embodiment |
| Research field | Cultural anthropology/Folklore |
| Research Topics Overview | 本研究の目的は、環大西洋奴隷貿易以来、白人と黒人の混血であるアフロ・クレオールの文化的営みによって発展してきた音楽に表現される身体行為の役割と、アフロ・クレオール社会の文化的遺産の今日的価値を明らかにすることである。そのため本研究では、アフロ・クレオール社会の中でも独自の発展をしているカーボ・ヴェルデ共和国の伝統歌謡モルナに注目し、モルナの音楽と身体行為の関係を考察する。具体的には、①モルナの演奏時に、歌詞に含まれる郷愁に関する意味を持つ概念「ソダーデ」が、どのように身体を通じて表現されるか、②その情動表出がモルナの演奏でどのような意味と役割を持つかを分析することである。これにより、アフロ・クレオールにおける文化的アイデンティティ形成のプロセス解明に貢献する。また、無形文化遺産登録に向けて世界発信を試みるモルナ研究センターに、 学術的側面において貢献することにも繋がる。 |
| research topic | The Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant (JSS): Study on Musical Identity of Cabo Verdeans |
|---|---|
| Study theme state | |
| research duration | 2018 ～ 2019 |
| Research Programs | Other Researches |
| keyword | |
| Research field | Cultural anthropology/Folklore |
| Research Topics Overview | 本研究は、島民の日常においてソダーデが身体（体、声、歌唱法等）を通じてどのように表現されているか明らかにし、ソダーデの社会的意味および役割を理解することを目的とする。 |
| research topic | Grants-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists: Anthropological Study of the Construction and Creation of a New "Home" forthe Islanders and Immigrants of Cabo Verde |
|---|---|
| Study theme state | |
| research duration | 2021 ～ 2025 |
| Research Programs | Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research |
| keyword | home,images,afro-community in Lisbon |
| Research field | Cultural anthropology/Folklore |
| Research Topics Overview | 本研究では、カーボヴェルデの島民・移民によって歌われる歌謡モルナに現れる「故郷」のイメージに注目し、その再編を通じて新たなモルナの価値を掘り起こす。 そのためにモルナの重要な特徴のひとつに「故郷」(home)という概念があることを明確にし、リスボンのカーボヴェルデ人移民とカーボヴェルデ国内のモルナ奏者が担うモルナの様式を比較分析する。そこから浮かび上がる彼らの「故郷」のイメージを再編し、即興で絶え間なくモルナをつくり続けるカーボヴェルデ人の「クレオール性」と「故郷」の関係を浮き彫りにする。 さらに、私が、インタビュー対象者の追憶を撮影するために現場へ行き、断片化された「故郷」イメージのモンタージュ編集を行う。 |
| research topic | |
|---|---|
| Study theme state | |
| research duration | 2021 ～ 2025 |
| Research Programs | Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research |
| keyword | |
| Research field | |
| Research Topics Overview |
Research Career
- 2017/4/1～2019年/3/31
- 2016/4/1～2017年/3/31
- 2018/4～2021年/3
- 2019/4～2021年/3
- 2016/4～2019年/3
- 2016/9～2018年/8
- 2021/11/20～2023年/11/7
- 2022/4/1～2023年
Joint Projects/Commissioned Projects
2018 - 2021 Domestic Joint Research
2018 - 2019
2017 - 2018 Joint Research on campus
Research Publications
FieldworkShooting an ethnographic film in Cabo Verde, island of São VicenteAOKI,Kei2023/8/1～2023/9/14
FieldworkAOKI,Kei2023/8/1～2023/9/14
FieldworkThe music of the Cabo Verdean emigrants in LisbonAOKI,Kay2022/8/8～2022/9/6
LectureResonances between the African islanders and Japanese fishermen: songs created through encounters and connections across the seaAOKI,Kay2022/6/24～Kansai University Institute of Human Rights Studies (108th extension course)Kansai UniversityThe Republic of Cape Verde is an archipelago of 15 islands off the coast of West Africa. The number of European tourists aiming to 'rediscover' the various island attractions has increased dramatically over the last 20 years. However, before the tourism boom by Europeans, Japanese and local islanders had met.
Contact between Cape Verdean islanders and Japanese began in the 1960s, when Japanese fishermen were based in Cape Verde and engaged in tuna fishing. The local islanders' interaction with the Japanese fishermen led to the creation of songs about the Japanese, which are now part of the island's traditional culture. However, the creation process of these songs involved a 'complex relationship' between the islanders and fishermen, so the 'encounter' cannot simply be praised. How should we evaluate such a culture created through cross-cultural contact? What socio-cultural value does it have?
In this lecture, I would like to consider the meaning of intercultural contact from the perspective of fragmentation, creation and resonance, through these songs that were created as a result of relations with the Japanese. Furthermore, what can we, who live in the 'here and now', can learn from these examples? I would like to draw a new landscape of symbiosis.
Research reportOther Margins of the World Beyond the Atlantic: ‘musics’, societies and festivities in transnational academic research.AOKI,Kay2022/5/14～2022/5/14INSTITUTO PEDRO PIRES (Cabo Verde)onlineDiscussion of musical anthropological methodologies on Brazil and Cabo Verde.
Artistic activities"Octopus Story", a multidisciplinary co-created performing art workGODA, Yuki ; NOMURA, Kyoko ; NAGARA, Masashi ;AOKI,Kay;2021/11/27～2021/11/28Oita prefecture, Taketa City (Asobo School)The stage was performed through various expressions of cultural anthropology / contemporary dance / ethno-electronic sound / video / LED lighting.
I wrote a novel (Inheriting Home) for choreography, dramaturgy and stage performances.
BookInheriting homeOtherSingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay71 pages.2021/11/17Based on fieldwork conducted mainly in Oita Prefecture in Japan (Taketa city, Beppu city, and Kunisaki city), the book depicts the diverse 'homes' of humanity. In particular, it is unique in that it depicts the life of Petro Kibe Casui (1580-1639) not as a priest, but as a 'traveller'.
The novel was also used in the stage performance "Octopus Story".
PapersInheriting the Song / Revealing a LandscapeUnrefereedOtherSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayGendaishi Techo (Modern Poetry Notebook)Vol. 64, No. 9, pp.46-502021/9/1～An article published in the special issue=anthropology, poetry, images.
discussion / joint reviewThe creation and resonance of the book "Afriko": writing and beyond.AOKI,Kay2021/7/31～Study for ethnography and fictionDiscussion on the expression of fiction and its meaning in anthropology.
FieldworkField research about the hidden Christians in OitaAOKI,Kay2021/5/1～2021/5/10I visited Oita prefecture, especially Taketa city, Beppu city, Kunisaki city, Bungo Ono city
in order to write a novel, “Inheriting Home”. This novel was the first work for the art performance, OCTOPUS STORY.
SupervisorIntroduction to São Tomé and PríncipeOtherAOKI,Kay;OCHIAI, TakehikoJICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency)2021/5/1～Textbook for junior high school students in Okinawa, one of the host countries for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.
Supervision of paper and video materials and teacher's manuals on the region, people, culture and climate of São Tomé and Príncipe.
PapersRevisiting 'Saiko Dayo', the Japanese Fishermen's Song of Cabo Verde, its Societal and Creative ValuesIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayInter FacultyVol. 11, pp. 63-972021～Institute for Comparative Research in Human and Social Sciences, University of TsukubaIn the 1960s, the port of Cabo Verde flourished as it became a hub for tuna fishing by Japanese fishermen. Japanese interaction with the local islanders led to the creation of a song about the Japanese fishermen called Saiko Dayo.
Today, the societal image of this song by the islanders is undergoing a transformation. In this paper, I organise the background to the creation of this song, and analyse the discourse of the islanders and the representations (songs and image drawings) of Saiko Dayo by artists, in order to reveal that a new societal image of Saiko Dayois being created. First, it is clear that the societal image of Saiko Dayo is deeply related to the islanders’ idea of simplicidade, which encompasses two contradictory ideas: exclusion and inclusion. Secondly, the song’s satirical message about Japanese fishermen has been transformed by eliminating the exclusive message in the lyrics. Thus, the mutual influence of the islanders and Japanese fishermen created the song Saiko Dayo, which was transformed into a new creative image by artists. In this way, the self and the other dissolve and take shape again. It is only after this stage that the song is transformed into a versatile, collective value, rather than an individual’s feelings. And when a particular culture becomes a collective value, it allows the next generation to weave that value in various other ways.
PapersClosed Doors/Open Paths: filmmaker Pedro Costa and the Cabo Verdean's homeland.UnrefereedOtherSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayFilm analysis;Cabo Verde (and the people);Homeland / homeEureka (Seidosha)Vol. 52, No. 13, pp. 166-1742020/10/1～Eureka Oct. 2020 Special Issue = Pedro Costa's film, from "O Sangue" to "In Vanda's Room", "Colossal Youth", "Horse Money" and "Vitalina Varela".
Analysis of Pedro Costa's film on the people of Cabo Verde and their "home" in Lisbon, Portugal.
BookLuso-African Pops: The Value and Evaluation of Morna, the Intangible Cultural Heritage of UNESCO. in SACKO Oussouby and SHIMIZU Takao (eds.) Today's African Contemporary Culture: exploring its present locality from 15 different perspectivesMonographCo-authored chapterAOKI,KaySeigenshapp. 142-1492020/5/30～2020/5/30Africa, which has often been discussed from a Western perspective, is now beginning to nurture and value its own art and culture to a new point under globalisation. This trend is beginning to grow and open up not only on the African continent but also in Europe, Asia, and other regions where people have emigrated or left.
This book opens up contemporary African culture in 15 areas.
The book focuses on the different perspectives of cultural anthropologists, museum curators, music writers, and others on Africa.
FieldworkField research on hidden Cristians in Nagasaki prefectureAOKI,Kay2020/3/7～2020/3/12Nagasaki prefectureVisited Nagasaki prefecture to collect documents and visit museums, etc. about the hidden Christians in the Kyushu region. These documents are used to prepare for my classes at University.
BookThe homeland of Cretxeu in KAWASE Itsushi (ed.) Africo: Ensemble of Fiction / Diffusion of AfricaMonographCo-authored chapterAOKI,KayShinyoshapp.248-3032019/11/20～Itsushi KAWASE and four other anthropologists (Ran MURATSU, Pero FUKUDA, Yushi YANOHARA and Kay AOKI) conducted fieldwork in Africa (Ethiopia, Benin, Rwanda, Cameroun, Cabo Verde), depicting colour, light, sound, smell, silence and presence, multilayering reality and history, and boldly exploring the breath and intellectual possibilities of the world. They open up innovative, flowing and demonish horizons of art and visual anthropology. An attempt at narrative, a complicity with the imagination, a fictional duet of anthropologists working on Africa through this book, a new world, different from the Africa on the map, will emerge and come to life. The pulse of that world exists here and now.
Academic presentationThe ‘Saiko’ in Cabo Verde: a traditional song created through cultural contacts between Japanese fishermen and the islanders of São Vicente.Single-AuthorAOKI,Kay2019/5/19～Japan Association for African StudiesKyoto Seika UniversityOriginally an uninhabited island, Cabo Verde was discovered by Europeans in the 15th century, after which a large number of West Africans were brought to the islands as slaves and it flourished as a transit point for the Atlantic slave trade. This led to the mixing of many European and African languages and cultures. Gradually, various cultures were reimported from Latin America (especially Brazil), the United States, and Europe, and the islanders developed their own Creole identity. There are nine inhabited islands in Cabo Verde, of which São Vicente is one of the islands with the most frequent historical contact with foreigners, and there is a song rooted in this island called "Sayko Dayo". This song was composed in the 1960s after exchanges between Japanese people based in Cabo Verde and São Vicente islanders who were fishing in the Atlantic Ocean. Later, when the singer Cesária Évora sang "Sayko Dayo", the song became popular both nationally and internationally.
This presentation will report on research conducted in August 2018 on the island of São Vicente in relation to "Sayko Dayo". I will examine the background to the creation of "Sayko Dayo" by questioning who was the "Sayko" and what does "Sayko" mean to the islanders. In particular, I will discuss how the São Vicente islanders construct their own Creole culture through the narratives of the guides, prostitutes, and fishermen of São Vicente Island, who were important in the process of creating "Sayko Dayo".
Research NoteCultural Contacts between the Islanders of São Vicente and Japanese Fishermen: Who were the ‘Saiko’ in Cabo Verde?In refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayInternational Language and CultureNo. 5, pp. 65-782019/3～International Society of Language and CultureThe islands of Cabo Verde are known as one of the oldest Creole areas in the world. It was originally discovered by the Portuguese in the mid-fifteenth century. Since their settlement, the Portuguese brought people from West Africa as slaves which made birth to the concept of creole in Cabo Verde. The phenomenon of creole is a linguistic and cultural product surged through a dynamism of mixture of Whites and Blacks while colonization and the black slave trade have begun. Thus, Cabo Verde became a heterogeneous society.
In the eighteenth century, before the abolishment of slavery, the port of Mindelo on the island of São Vicente has developed for its supplement of coal by the British. The port of Mindelo turned into an important meeting point for various people from different backgrounds which eventually made Mindelo a metropolitan city. Finally, in the 1960s, the Japanese fishermen were engaged in a fishery based in Mindelo until the 1970s. During their stay, koladera, a Cabo Verdean musical genre, was in fashion and a song called “Sayko Dayo” (= ‘awesome’, ‘superb’ in Japanese) was composed by a famous musician, Ti Goy, through cultural contacts between Japanese fishermen and the people of Mindelo.
The present report shows how Japanese fishermen were evolved in the terms of the creation of the song “Sayko Dayo” and examines who were the people “Sayko” by analyzing interviews that the author has collected during fieldwork. This study can show us how the people of Cabo Verde creolize their cultures.
FieldworkUndertaking anthropological research (Interviews, participant observation, life story, shooting film, etc.) in the island of Santiago (Praia), Fogo, Brava.AOKI,Kay2019/2/8～2019/3/2Republic of Cabo Verde, Island of Santiago (Praia), Fogo, Brava.Grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS). Grants-in-Aid for Early-Career Scientists.
Principle Investigator: AOKI Kei
Title: Anthropological research on musical improvisation and the embodiment of Afro-Creoles in Cabo Verde
Notas de InvestigaciónThe Cultural Revitalization in Bluefields, Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua: Spaces for Art Activities and Musical ExpressionsIn refereedIn-house publicationSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayBoletín del Instituto de Estudios Latinoamericanos de la Universidad de Estudios Extranjeros de KyotoVol. 18, pp.47-662018/12～Instituto de Estudios Latinoamericanos de la Universidad de Estudios Extranjeros de KyotoReport of a study on the cultural revitalisation of music and other artistic activities in Bluefields, eastern Nicaragua.
PapersAfricaness in Cabo Verde: Batuku and Morna as a Cultural ResistanceIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayJournal of the Americas StudiesVol.23, pp. 205-2132018/11～Tenri University Association of the Americas StudiesThis paper provides a diachronic analysis of Africanness in Cabo Verde in relation to music, with the aim of objectifying Africaness in Brazil.
The first important point is that white, black, and mixed-race people were forced to live together due to the pirate attacks and natural disasters. This led to the creation of a common identity as 'Cabo Verdeans'.
The second point is that black slaves, who were the majority, inherited African cultures such as Batuku.
The third point is that the Portuguese banned Batuku, thereby shifting the Africanness that Batuku represented to Morna.
The fourth point is the popularisation of Morna sung in Creole. Through Morna, the islanders made themselves represented as 'Africanness' to the rulers and 'Creoleness' to Africa. I conclude that these four points were manifestations of the cultural resistance of the islanders.
FieldworkUndertaking anthropological research on Japanese fishermen's song (Interviews, participant observation, life story, shooting film, etc.) in the island of São Vicente.AOKI,Kei2018/8/1～2018/9/11Republic of Cabo Verde (Island of São Vicente)Grants from the Japan Science Society (JSS), The Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant.
Title: Study on Musical Identity of Cabo Verdeans (Principal Investigator, Kei Aoki)
FieldworkMusic played by Cabo Verdean migrants in LisbonAOKI,Kei2018/7/25～2018/7/31Republic of Portugal-Lisbon (Damaia, Coba da Moura)Grants from the Japan Science Society (JSS), The Sasakawa Scientific Research Grant.
Title: Study on Musical Identity of Cabo Verdeans (Principal Investigator, Kei Aoki). Undertaking anthropological research (Interviews, participant observation, collecting books, shooting film, etc.) on Cabo Verdean immigrants in Lisbon.
Academic presentationThe transition of the core concepts, sodade, kretxeu, morabeza and the diffusion of Morna
between the end of eighteenth century and the middle of the twentieth centurySingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2018/3/24～Japanese Society of Luso-Brazilian StudiesKyoto University of Foreign StudiesThis study analyses the evolution of the morna, representative music and song of the West African archipelago of Cabo Verde, from the end of the eighteen century to the mid-twentieth century in order to examine how it developed.
The formation of the morna is said to have begun in the eighteen century by black slaves, but it was not until the end of the nineteenth century that it was actually recognised as a musical genre.
This study therefore clarifies the external and internal factors that led to the spread of morna after the end of the nineteenth century, and examines how the meaning of the core concepts of sodade, kretxeu and morabeza changed through the spread of morna.
Translated article or paperLe Créole Capverdien de PocheMonographSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayKoyoshobo218 pages.2018/3/10～Translation (French to Japanese) of "Le Créole Capverdien de Poche" (2005) by the linguist Nicolas Quint.
Supported by the Kyoto University of Foreign Studies 2009 publication grant.
Research NoteA vision of public health in Timor-Leste based on environmental field investigationsIn refereedAcademic JournalInternational coauthorshipAnaisVol. 46, pp. 75-842018/3～Japanese Society of Luso-Brazilian Studies
Research Note東南アジアにおける観光振興プロジェクト：外食と食品産業の社会的持続可能性に関する調査報告In refereedAcademic JournalCo-authoredRAMSDEN Kevin, AOKI,KayInternational Language and CultureVol. 4, pp. 37-472018/3～International Society for Language and Culture 本報告書では、3地域（タイ、ベトナム、ラオス）における食文化の実態を予備的に把握することができる。調査対象地はそれぞれ、チェンマイ、ハノイ、ルアンパバーン。当該地域の食文化を比較することで、つぎのような重要な事実が明らかになった。
基本的に、この社会の持続可能性と食文化というテーマを深く理解するためには、地元の人々が自分たちの「伝統的な食」をどう捉えているのか、さらなる調査が必要である。また、観光客が伝統的建造物群保存地区で作られた料理を食べるということは、その料理の本場を訪れた観光客が、その料理に対してより高い信頼性を求めるようになる可能性がある。
今日、私たちは真のグローバルツーリズムの時代に生きている。そのため、このテーマに関する広範な研究が必要である。つまり、本研究は、これらの急成長を遂げている地域を今後、持続的に発展させるために不可欠なテーマである。
FieldworkAn anthropological investigation into land demarcation and the construction of Caribbean identity in the Bluefields of eastern Nicaragua.AOKI,Kay2018/2/17～2018/3/8Republic of Nicaragua, Bluefields (the capital of the South Caribbean Autonomous Region)Funded by the Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), Principal Investigator: Hiroshi Minami, "Nicaraguan Archaeological Research and Museum Building for Sustainable Development and Development of the Region".
Research reportIntroduction to Cabo Verdean Creole: Language and CultureSingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2017/12/8～Tenri University Faculty of International Studies Center for Language Education and Research
Academic presentationAfricanness in Cabo Verde: Music and Cultural ResistanceSingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2017/12/2～Tenri University Association of the Americas Studies, the 22nd Annual Convention "Africanness in Brazil"Tenri UniversityThe theme of this presentation is Africa within Cabo Verde. The country was once used as a base for the slave trade during the colonial period. Here, the Portuguese language has been creolised and 'Africa' has been incorporated and developed into its own creole culture. This case indirectly shows that while 'Africa in Brazil' is relativised in the hierarchy, its incorporation by the national culture is due to historical and geographical particularities.
Notas de InvestigaciónIn refereedIn-house publicationSingle-Author2017/12～本報告書は、ブルーフィールズの人々、コステーニョスの人種的アイデンティティと土地区画整理を結びつけ、ブルーフィールズの現在の社会状況を論じたものである。さらに、クレオールを「アメリカ地中海文化圏」という概念のなかに位置づけることを試みた。
International academic conferenceFormation of a Crioulo Community and a Cultural Expression in CaboVerde.In refereedSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayInternational Conference, 5th University-Community Engagement Conference, “Navigating Community Engagement: Charting a Course for the 21st Century”2017/9/25～2017/9/26Kyoto University of Foreign Studies
FieldworkCreoleness of the Bonin Islands of Ogasawara, JapanAOKI,Kay2017/9/8～2017/9/13Bonin Islands (Ogasawara, Chichijima)Aisaku Ogasawara, a descendant of Cabo Verdeans, lived on Chichijima (died 2020). This field research attempts to establish a historical-cultural link between the island of Brava in Cabo Verde, where his ancestors lived in the nineteenth century, and the island of Chichijima in Ogasawara.
FieldworkHeritage Tourism Research Project in AsiaAOKI,Kay2017/8/1～2017/8/13Thailand (Chiang Mai), Vietnam (Hanoi), Laos (Luang Prabang)Funded by the Japan Foundation Asia Center. Conducted field research on food culture and tourism in Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos.
FieldworkPreliminary research on the social position of the Creole people and local conditions in the Bluefields of eastern Nicaragua.AOKI,Kei2017/3/1～2017/3/15Republic of Nicaragua, BluefieldsGrant-in-Aid for Scientific Research: funded by Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C), PI Hiroshi Minami, 'Research on Nicaraguan Archaeological Survey and Museum Building for Sustainable Development and Development of the Region'.
PapersThe Transition of the Significance of Cretcheu and Amor in MornaIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayInternational Language and CultureNo. 3, pp.1-16.2017/3～International Society for Language and CultureThe singer Cesária Évora is famous for having spread Cabo Verdean culture to the world by singing morna and coladeira. The former is a musical genre at the core of the cultural identity of Cabo Verde, while the latter, rhythmical dancing music, is a tradition of the northern islands of the country. The expression of love, cretcheu and amor in Cabo Verdean Creole, is prominent in the lyrics of morna. Both terms certainly bear a special and profound significance for the people of Cabo Verde who experienced a massive emigration in the past.
The present research is a study of the lyrics of morna in the period of Cesária Évora (end of the twentieth century) and the present (beginning of the twenty-first century) to examine the significance of cretcheu and amor expressed in her albums and also in the daily life of the people of Cabo Verde. The expression of cretcheu signifies "beloved" and amor has a sense of "love" (e.g. love a person, with love, etc.). The author shows that, while cretcheu had multiple and complex meanings in morna in every period, from the end of the nineteenth century to the beginning of the twentieth century, it only has a single meaning in Cesária's songs. Transmitting the typical sentiment in morna and coladeira was a way of inheriting the culture of Cabo Verde.
BookThe Creoleness of Cabo Verde: The Transition of Morna and the Formation of a Creole IdentityMonographSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayShoukadoh ShotenKyoto University African Study Series 018 (273 pages)2017/3～
PapersA Social History and Concept Map Analysis on Sodade in Cabo Verdean MornaIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayAfrican Study MonographsVol. 37, No. 4, pp. 163-1872016/12～The Center for African Area Studies, Kyoto UniversityThe morna is a musical genre at the core of the cultural identity of Cabo Verde
that expresses a typical sentiment of the islanders: sodade. Sodade has developed in a sociocultural context, where its actual significance seems to have evolved with the evolution of morna. The present research is a study of the lyrics of morna together with the daily life of Cabo Verdeans in order to examine how sodade in morna has become a representation of cultural identity. Emigration, emotions/feelings, objects or people yearned for, space/time, mind are the main elements of sodade that continue to mark a tradition in the cultural identity of the people of Cabo Verde.
DiscussionIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-Author2016/9～This study focused on the lyrics and social transformation of the Cabo Verdean music morna and analysed it diachronically.
Academic presentationCreoleness of Cabo Verde: The Transition of Morna and the Formation of a Creole IdentitySingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2016/3/20～The Japanese Society of Cultural AnthropologyKobe University
ThesesThe Creoleness of Cabo Verde: The Transition of Morna and the Formation of a Creole IdentityAOKI,Kay2016/3～The study of creole cultures is becoming steadily more prominent in the fields of anthropology and cross-cultural studies (i.e. Cohen and Toninato 2010; Stewart 2007). As ‘creole’ designates the production of a mixed language, ethnicity and culture, its study can, therefore, provide an important perspective on various aspects of inter-linguistic, racial and intercultural problems.
The present study will focus on Cabo Verde as these islands can be considered an important area of creole given that from a group of uninhabited islands in the fifteenth century, one hundred years or so later they had grown into one of the first creolized areas of the world. In the case of Cabo Verde, it is important to clarify how the creole identity was developed. However, there are few studies on Cabo Verdean culture. With regard to the creole areas of the world, research on a specific creole culture could lead to a deeper understanding of how a new culture is formed, or the way by which people create and develop their unique culture. This thesis seeks to comprehend the complex identity of the people of Cabo Verde as it developed over their history of settlement and colonial rule to post-independence and the present day.
In order to address this problem, we took the musical genre, the Morna, as our main focus of study. This for the two reasons that, firstly there was an early form of Morna with the development of the slave trade as Cabo Verde became colonized, secondly and more especially, because it is the only traditional cultural manifestation found on every single island of Cabo Verde where each island has its own traditions, language, culture and history. As we shall discuss, the Morna was produced through contact and interaction between the different races, different classes, different cultures of the people brought to Cabo Verde and consequently can show how the people of Cabo Verde moved towards a fluid but stable identity: a creole identity.
However, to approach an analysis of the creole identity of Cabo Verde it is necessary to have an understanding of the history as well as the social, economic and cultural situation of the Islands, positioning the Morna and its evolution within this context. Chapter one gives an overview of the geographic, economic and cultural situation in the nine inhabited islands of Cabo Verde. Chapter two examines the different interpretations of the term ‘creole’ in Portuguese (crioulo), French (créole), English (creole), Spanish (criollo) and Italian (creolo). Chapter three discusses the heterogeneous nature of the society of the islands of Cabo Verde: from discovery and settlement to the forming of a society with regard to race, class and role; the creation and evolution of a creole language. Chapter four presents the typology of Morna with analysis from its beginnings to the present day, separating the movement into six periods of development. Chapter five analyzes the lyrics of Morna, especially with regard to the three key sentiments expressed by the people of Cabo Verde: Sodade, Cretcheu, Morabeza. It discusses the lyrics diachronically according to the periods outlined in the previous chapter. Chapter six examines the transition of Morna through an analysis of the three key sentiments of Sodade, Cretcheu and Morabeza using Concept Maps.
To explain the structure of creole identity, it is necessary to consider when and how the language, ethnicity and culture were formed. Linguists remark that the creole language was already spoken in the fifteenth century (Quint 2000) or sixteenth century (Couto 1992). The historian Basil Davidson (1989) notes that the ‘Cabo Verdeans’ were formed around the 1700s. Finally, the cultural manifestation of Morna appeared only towards the end of the nineteenth century, after the abolition of slavery. In Cabo Verde, music was a prominent element of cultural expression. Morna spread to every island with the works of the poet Eugénio Tavares, the musical genre brought the people together under a common consciousness of Sodade and Cretcheu. Furthermore, the lyrics were written in the creole language by Tavares thus establishing the written language. Other musicians of other periods, such as B. Léza, Manuel de Novas, Cesária Évora, inherited these two key expressions of Sodade and Cretcheu, with B. Léza introducing a third key expression, that of Morabeza. Thus, the Morna containing the three key expressions, played an important role in establishing the creole identity of the people of Cabo Verde. In undertaking a diachronic analysis of the transition of Morna and its key expressions, it is possible to see a pattern in the way the people of Cabo Verde construct their creole identity. In fact, it would appear that the key expressions can be interpreted not only as an expression of sentiments but also as an element in the construction of a multilayered creole identity. These multilayers are fluid and flexible which we argue can be considered as a characteristic of the creole identity of the Cabo Verdean people.
Academic presentationThe creolization of Morna in the archipelago of Barlavento, Cabo VerdeSingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2015/10/20～Associação Japonesa de Estudos Luso-BrasileirosKyoto University of Foreign Studies
Academic presentationThe Diffusion of Portuguese Language in the Lusophone Community: A Case of East TimorCo-authoredAOKI,Kay ; KIKUCHI, Ryunosuke2015/10/11～Associação Japonesa de Estudos Luso-BrasileirosTokyo University of Foreign StudiesReports on multilingualism and Portuguese language education in Timor-Leste, as well as on environmental studies (water quality surveys).
FieldworkAssistants in linguistic research on Portuguese in Timor-Leste and in surveys of rubbish heaps and water quality.AOKI,Kay2015/8/31～2015/9/15The Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste, DíliJoint research study between Ryukoku University and Lorosae University (assistant and interpreter of Portuguese and Japanese).
BookCreole Music in Cabo Verde. In SUZUKI Hiroyuki and KAWASE Itsushi (eds.)
African Pops: The World of Music in Cultural AnthropologyMonographCo-authored chapterAOKI,KayAkashishotenpp. 22-492015/4～Reggae, Afro-beat, taarab, ethio-jazz, hip-hop and more... This is the fascinating world of African popular music as told by the authors, whose love of African music has led them not only to experience it, but also to study it as cultural anthropologists. (Cited from the publisher, Akashishoten).
Aoki is responsible for the Cabo Verdean song Morna among them. In particular, he looks at the lyrics behind the songs and how he encounters that world.
International academic conferenceThe Phenomenon of Creole and Creolization: Musical Expression in theCape Verdean Islands
The Phenomenon of Creole and Creolization: Musical Expression in theCape Verdean IslandsIn refereedSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayInternational Symposium, “Fragmentation and Divergence Towards the Management of Social Transformation”2015/3/10～2015/3/11EHESS, Paris
PapersA Typological Study of Morna in Cabo Verde IslandsIn refereedAcademic JournalSingle-AuthorAOKI,KayAnaisNo. 45, pp. 53-712015/3～Associação Japonesa de Estudos Luso-BrasileirosEach island of Cabo Verde has its own local linguistic variety and socio-cultural characteristics. However, despite such regional differences, the morna musical genre, regarded as inherited traditional music, is present on every single island. Thus, the morna can be considered as the national and popular music of Cabo Verde.
Most of the studies on morna have been focused on its origin and definition (i.e. Tavares, 1932; Cruz, 1933). Although there are studies on its historical (Lima, 2002), musicological (Martins, 1988) and literary (Rodrigues & Lobo, 1996) aspects, the supporting data are relatively old. The most notable reference study is that of Gonçalves (2006), which presents an index of morna classifying it according to the historical period. However, due to the lack of studies on this musical genre, recent data regarding the twenty-first century still needs to be compiled.
The present paper seeks to give a reclassification of the historical periods (from the nineteenth century to the twenty-first century) proposed by Gonçalves (2006) by focusing more especially on the composers and musicians and their role in the creation and evolution of morna. Through this approach, this study attempts to give a diachronic observation of the lyrics and characteristics of the various types of morna.
Research reportThe Nostalgia of a Creole Music from the Atlantic OceanSingle-AuthorAOKI,Kay2014/10/13～École de TouzanHyatt Regency Kyoto
FieldworkUndertaking anthropological research on morna in São Vicente, Santo Antão, São NicolauAOKI,Kay2013/9/1～2014/3/15São Vicente,Santo Antão, São Nicolau (Islands in Cabo Verde)Funded by the Center for On-Site Education and Research, Kyoto University.
FieldworkSustainable Resource Utilization towards Biodiversity Conservation: Global Supply Chain Analysis of Nickel in New CaledoniaAOKI,Kay2013/5/8～2013/5/15New Caledonia (Nouméa)The Sumitomo Foundation Grant for Environment Research Project (2012-2013)
PI: NAKAJIMA Kenichi,
"Sustainable Resource Utilization towards BiodiversityConservation: Global Supply Chain Analysis of Nickel"
Assistant and Interpreter (French - Japanese) for the fieldwork in New Caledonia.
FieldworkPre-fieldwork on Creole language and culture in São Vicente and SantiagoAOKI,Kay2012/2/3～2012/3/2Cabo Verde (Island of São Vicente and Santiago)
Community Activities
- Talk event: 'Anthropology ' and 'Fiction' 2020/1/19～2020/1/19
Participation in International Conferences
- Sep.25,2017-Sep. 26,2017
- Mar.10,2015-Mar. 11,2015
Courses Taught
- Introduction to Cultural History Studies
- Introductory Lecture : Gateway to Learning
- Elementary Lecture in Cultural Symbiotics B
- Elementary Seminar in Cultural Symbiotics II
- Studies in Cultural Symbiotics IV
- Intermediate Seminar in Cultural Symbiotics III
- Intermediate Seminar in Cultural Symbiotics IV
- Graduation Seminar in Cultural Symbiotics VI
- Passport to Knowledge A (Cultural Symbiotics)
- Graduation Seminar in Cultural Symbiotics V
- Cultural Symbiotics
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- Research Activities
- Community Service
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