HASHIZUME, Retsu |
|---|
Faculty, Department/Institute
- Faculty of Letters General Department of Humanities Department of World History
Academic status (qualification)
- Associate Professor Apr. 1,2023
Undergraduate Degrees・University
- Keio University Graduate School of Letters2001
- The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Humanities and Sociology2008
- Gakushuin University Faculty of Letters1999
Academic Degrees
- 博士（文学） 東京大学
- 修士（史学） 慶應義塾大学
Awards
- 2007
Academic Associations
| 所属学会・団体名 | 役職名 (役職在任期間) |
|---|---|
| COLLEGIUM MEDITERRANISTARUM | |
| Association for Islamic Studies in Japan | |
| THE HISTORICAL SOCEITY OF JAPAN | |
| JAPAN ASSOCIATION FOR MIDDLE EAST STUDIES | |
| THE SOCIETY FOR NEAR EASTERN STUDIES IN JAPAN |
Research Publications
BookIslamic MedicineRetsu HAshizume, Erina Nakajima2782022/2/4～4791774418
PapersAwareness of infection in Islamic history431,6・7,4-42020/7～
PapersRecruitment of Intellectuals in an Early Islamic Society: Mainly in the Buwayhid periodIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuHistoria Scientiarum: International Journal of the History of Science Society of Japan29,2,198-2132020/1～
Book2020～9789004413160
PapersTextual Criticism of the Manuscripts of Ibn Khaldūn’s AutobiographyIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuIn the Author's Hand: Holograph and Authorial Manuscripts in the Islamic Handwritten Tradition,,300-3222019/12～10.1163/9789004413177_010
PapersSüleyaniye Library / Süleymaniye Yazma Eser KütüphanesiHASHIZUME Retsu,46,-2019/7～
Keynote addressLuṭfī Pasha’s theory of the caliphateHASHIZUME RetsuInternational Conference Kingship, Ideology, Discourse: Legitimation of Islamicate Dynasties2018/12/15～Research Institute for Languages and Cultures of Asia and Africa, Tokyo University of Foreign StudiesLuṭfī Pasha, the Grand Vizier of Sultan Sülayman the Magnificent, is known to be the author of a treatise “Khalāṣ al-umma fī maʻrifat al-aʼimma” on the Ottoman caliphate. The treatise, written in Arabic, was translated into English partially and analysed briefly by H. R. Gibb. He concluded that Luṭfī Pasha’s theory of the caliphate is that of the intellectuals of ‘the philosophical school,’ which they connected to the supremacy of the Sharīʻa, as mentioned by Gibb. However, we cannot say that Luṭfī Pasha’s theory has been thoroughly analysed.
This presentation demonstrates one of Luṭfī Pasha’s basic reasons for considering the Ottoman Sultans as Caliphs when analysing his text and provides an understanding of his career pattern and his political and intellectual background.
The question which we must analyse is whether ‘to be of the Quraysh’ was a requirement for being a Caliph. It was considered essential for becoming a Caliph in the classical Islamic thought of Caliphate, but the Ottoman Sultans could not meet it because they were not the descendants of the Quraysh. Then, how could Luṭfī Pasha justify his consideration of the Ottoman Sultans as Caliphs, although, from the view point of this requirement, they were ill-qualified for this position?
Luṭfī Pasha repudiated the ‘to be of the Quraysh’ requirement asserted by the Ashʻarite school of theology. Then, to justify the consideration of the Ottoman Sultan as the Caliph, he enumerated ḥadīths which illustrated the invalidity of that requirement and quoted many fatwās issued by the Ḥanafī jurists of the official Ottoman law school. Thus, we may conclude that Luṭfī Pasha did not belong to the ‘philosophical school,’ as mentioned by Gibb but was influenced by the Ḥanafī school of law and its views regarding the caliphate.
This will lead us further to make an examination of whether ḥadīths and fatwās quoted by Luṭfī Pasha were typical of the Hanafi school and the impact of his treatise on the subsequent tide of political thought in the Ottoman Empire.
PapersBook Review: Al-Tanūkhī (tr. by MORIMOTO Kosei), Nishwār al-muḥāḍara wa-akhbār al-mudhākaraHASHIZUME RetsuThe World of Islam,90,61-692018/11～0386-9482
Book2018/6～
BookThe Concept of Belief in Islamic Theology: A Semantic Analysis of Īmān and Islām4402018/2/20～4766424581
PapersRise and Fall of Arab-Islamic dynastiesHASHIZUME RetsuPen444,2/1,32-332018/2～
PapersArabic Structure from five different point of viewHASHIZUME RetsuPen444,2/1,36-372018/2～
Keynote address2017/12/10～
Keynote addressLutfi Pasha’s theory of the caliphateHASHIZUME Retsu2017/5/14～
Papers2017/5～
2016/10～
Book2016/10～9784766423693
Papers2016/8～1343-5957
PapersHistorical Studies in Japan, 2015: West Asia and North AfricaHASHIZUME RetsuShigaku=Zasshi125,5,296-3012016/5～0018-2478
PapersThe Autobiography of Ibn Khaldun: An Annotated Japanese Translation (8)HASHIZUME RetsuJournal of Islamic Area Studies8,8,64-912016/3～1883-597X
Keynote address2015/12/13～
Papers2015/12～
Keynote address2015/10/7～
Keynote address2015/9/26～
Keynote address2015/6/20～
Papers2015/5～
PapersFeatures: A Guide to the Süleymaniye LibraryHASHIZUME RetsuThe Wordl of Islam,83,59-832015/5～0386-9482
PapersReview The Life of the Prophet Muḥammad: a Translation of Ibn Isḥāq's Sīrat Rasūl AllāhHASHIZUME RetsuJournal of Islamic Area Studies7,7,92-962015/3～1883-597X
BookIslamHASHIZUME RetsuThe Oriental Library282015/1～9784809703249
BookThought and Societies in the Middle EastHASHIZUME RetsuThe University of Tokyo Centre for Middle Eastern Studies2222014/8～9784906952014
PapersThe Concept of Rightly Guided Caliphs in the History of Sunnī Political ThoughtRetsu HashizumeThought and Societies in the Middle East,,45-732014/8～
2014/7～
Book2014/6～4766421469
Papers2014/3～
Keynote addressTextual criticism on the manuscripts of Ibn Khaldūn’s autobiographyHASHIZUME RetsuInternational Conference Autograph/Holograph and Authorial Manuscripts in Arabic Script2013/10/11～Pf. Frédéric Bauden, Université de Liège, Service de Langue arabe et études islamiquesUniversité de Liège, Belgique
Keynote addressNotions of rightly-guided Caliphs in the Sunni political thoughtHASHIZUME RetsuShams022013/6/29～The University of Tokyo Centre for Middle Eastern Studies
Book2013/3～4484132044
Book2012/12～4484122383
Book2012/8～4750336483
Papers2012/8～
Papers2012/8～
Papers2012/2～
Keynote address2011/11/20～
2011/11～
Papers'Adud al-Dawla's View of His Royal Lineage as Demonstrated in Kitab al-TajiIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuOrient54,1,96-1192011/9～10.5356/jorient.54.960030-5219'Aḍud al-Dawla (d. 372H/983) was the most powerful ruler of the Buwayhid Dynasty. This paper aims to examine his view of his royal lineage as expressed in Kitāb al-Tājī, which was written by Abū Isḥāq Ibrāhīm al-Ṣābi' (d. 384H/ 994) at the express command of 'Aḍud al-Dawla. It also aims to understand the book within the wider social and political context of the period when Buwayhid Dynasty was at its zenith.
Section 1 provides an outline of the content of Kitāb al-Tājī and its background. The book was written when 'Aḍud al-Dawla was just about to send a military expedition in 369H/980 against the Ziyārid and Sāmānid dynasties in the eastern regions of the 'Abbāsid Caliphate.
Section 2 establishes the noble lineage of the Daylam and the Jīl people by reconstructing the contents of Kitāb al-Tājī, which is now available only in an excerpt version. I compare the excerpt with some later sources that quote directly from the original text of Kitāb al-Tājī. These sources suggest that not only the Daylam but also the Jīl were connected with the Buwayhid Dynasty through a marriage alliance.
Section 3 further analyses how the writing of Kitāb al-Tājī was affected by the ongoing conflict between the Buwayhid and the Ziyārid. When 'Aḍud al-Dawla ordered Abū Isḥāq to write Kitāb al-Tājī, his underlying agenda was to present his lineage in order to justify his reign vis-à-vis the Ziyārid and their allies.
In conclusion: (1) Kitāb al-Tājī reflected 'Aḍud al-Dawla's view of his own royal lineage, and, crucially, it was written under his supervision. (2) He portrayed himself as the converging point of the two noble lineages of the Daylam and the Jīl. (3) His purpose was to justify to his own army and to the Daylamite and Jīlite principalities the legitimacy of his reign just before lauching his military expedition against the Ziyārid of the Jīl.
Section 1 provides an outline of the content of Kitāb al-Tājī and its background. The book was written when 'Aḍud al-Dawla was just about to send a military expedition in 369H/980 against the Ziyārid and Sāmānid dynasties in the eastern regions of the 'Abbāsid Caliphate.
Section 2 establishes the noble lineage of the Daylam and the Jīl people by reconstructing the contents of Kitāb al-Tājī, which is now available only in an excerpt version. I compare the excerpt with some later sources that quote directly from the original text of Kitāb al-Tājī. These sources suggest that not only the Daylam but also the Jīl were connected with the Buwayhid Dynasty through a marriage alliance.
Section 3 further analyses how the writing of Kitāb al-Tājī was affected by the ongoing conflict between the Buwayhid and the Ziyārid. When 'Aḍud al-Dawla ordered Abū Isḥāq to write Kitāb al-Tājī, his underlying agenda was to present his lineage in order to justify his reign vis-à-vis the Ziyārid and their allies.
In conclusion: (1) Kitāb al-Tājī reflected 'Aḍud al-Dawla's view of his own royal lineage, and, crucially, it was written under his supervision. (2) He portrayed himself as the converging point of the two noble lineages of the Daylam and the Jīl. (3) His purpose was to justify to his own army and to the Daylamite and Jīlite principalities the legitimacy of his reign just before lauching his military expedition against the Ziyārid of the Jīl.
Keynote address2011/3/14～
BookStructure and Transformation of Knowledge in Islam : Thought, Science, Society and Their Interactions2011/3～9784904039359
PapersBook reviews: Sato Tugitaka, The history of Islam (1) The beginning and spread of IslamHASHIZUME RetsuKyoto Bulletin of Islamic Area Studies4,1,596-5992011/3～10.14989/1540031881-8323
PapersAnnotated translations: The autobiography of Ibn Khaldun: an annotated translation (3)HASHIZUME RetsuJournal of Islamic Area Studies3,3,47-722011/3～1883-597X
Papers2011/3～
Keynote address2010/11/7～
PapersAn Article on the Manuscripts of Ibn Khaldun's AutobiographyHASHIZUME RetsuJournal of Islamic Area Studies2,2,25-342010/3～1883-597X
PapersBook reviews: Kikuchi Tatsuya, Isuramukyo: "Itan" to "Seitou" no shisoushi (Islam: discourses on heresy/orthodoxy),74,129-1372010/3～0386-9482
Papers2010～
PapersDaylam in the early Buwayhid Dynasty: a comparative study of the Iraq and the JibalIn refereed,75,77-1102010～0386-9482
PapersIn refereed2009/9～
Book2009/8～4634415801
Book2008/7～4815805946
Papers2008/7～
Book2008/5～4792370825
Papers2008～
PapersEstablishment of the Second Buwayhid of JibalIn refereed,71,65-932008～0386-9482
Keynote addressA Codicological Study on the Manuscripts Known as the Mir’āt al-zamānHASHIZUME RetsuWorkshop “Historical Writing in Medieval Islam”2007/4/10～Institute for Advanced Studies on Asia
PapersIntroduction to Research on the Manuscripts of Mir'at al-zamanIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuOrient49,1,60-872006/9～10.5356/jorient.49.600030-5219Mir'at al-zaman is one of the most enormous chronicles among Arabic historical works; it was written by Sibt ibn al-Jawzi in the 13th century. This work has been regarded as one of the most important sources of history contemporary with the author and has the further value of containing other historical works which have already been lost. Nevertheless, Mir'at remains unedited except for some small parts and has scarcely been examined philologically yet.
Therefore, in this paper I examine Mir'at philologically and start on the classification of its manuscripts into groups.
The first fruit of this paper, is a table of the 111 known manuscripts of Mir'at, together with their bibliographical information, I was able to classify many of the manuscripts as belonging to one of two groups, though many I have been unable to classify yet.
I investigated the features of these two groups of manuscripts. As a result, it develops that one belongs to an abridged edition of Mir'at which was compiled by al-Yunini, the other belongs to an abstracted version which was compiled by an anonymous editor. Although the latter has been regarded as a copy of an original text of Mir'at in former research, I point out the error of this conclusion. I have been unable to discover any copy of the original text among the 111 manuscripts.
Thus, as I point out, the manuscripts of Mir'at which have been used for historical research on medieval western Asia are not those of Mir'at itself, but are historical works abridged from original in a later period. In other words, medieval western Asian history has never been examined using Mir'at itself.
Therefore, in this paper I examine Mir'at philologically and start on the classification of its manuscripts into groups.
The first fruit of this paper, is a table of the 111 known manuscripts of Mir'at, together with their bibliographical information, I was able to classify many of the manuscripts as belonging to one of two groups, though many I have been unable to classify yet.
I investigated the features of these two groups of manuscripts. As a result, it develops that one belongs to an abridged edition of Mir'at which was compiled by al-Yunini, the other belongs to an abstracted version which was compiled by an anonymous editor. Although the latter has been regarded as a copy of an original text of Mir'at in former research, I point out the error of this conclusion. I have been unable to discover any copy of the original text among the 111 manuscripts.
Thus, as I point out, the manuscripts of Mir'at which have been used for historical research on medieval western Asia are not those of Mir'at itself, but are historical works abridged from original in a later period. In other words, medieval western Asian history has never been examined using Mir'at itself.
PapersIn refereed2006/9～0910-3708
Papers2006/9～0386-9482
Papers2006～
PapersIntroduction to Research on the Manuscripts of Mir'at al-zamanIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuBulletin of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan49,1,60-872006～10.5356/jorient.49.600030-5219Mir'at al-zaman is one of the most enormous chronicles among Arabic historical works; it was written by Sibt ibn al-Jawzi in the 13th century. This work has been regarded as one of the most important sources of history contemporary with the author and has the further value of containing other historical works which have already been lost. Nevertheless, Mir'at remains unedited except for some small parts and has scarcely been examined philologically yet.
Therefore, in this paper I examine Mir'at philologically and start on the classification of its manuscripts into groups.
The first fruit of this paper, is a table of the 111 known manuscripts of Mir'at, together with their bibliographical information, I was able to classify many of the manuscripts as belonging to one of two groups, though many I have been unable to classify yet.
I investigated the features of these two groups of manuscripts. As a result, it develops that one belongs to an abridged edition of Mir'at which was compiled by al-Yunini, the other belongs to an abstracted version which was compiled by an anonymous editor. Although the latter has been regarded as a copy of an original text of Mir'at in former research, I point out the error of this conclusion. I have been unable to discover any copy of the original text among the 111 manuscripts.
Thus, as I point out, the manuscripts of Mir'at which have been used for historical research on medieval western Asia are not those of Mir'at itself, but are historical works abridged from original in a later period. In other words, medieval western Asian history has never been examined using Mir'at itself.
Therefore, in this paper I examine Mir'at philologically and start on the classification of its manuscripts into groups.
The first fruit of this paper, is a table of the 111 known manuscripts of Mir'at, together with their bibliographical information, I was able to classify many of the manuscripts as belonging to one of two groups, though many I have been unable to classify yet.
I investigated the features of these two groups of manuscripts. As a result, it develops that one belongs to an abridged edition of Mir'at which was compiled by al-Yunini, the other belongs to an abstracted version which was compiled by an anonymous editor. Although the latter has been regarded as a copy of an original text of Mir'at in former research, I point out the error of this conclusion. I have been unable to discover any copy of the original text among the 111 manuscripts.
Thus, as I point out, the manuscripts of Mir'at which have been used for historical research on medieval western Asia are not those of Mir'at itself, but are historical works abridged from original in a later period. In other words, medieval western Asian history has never been examined using Mir'at itself.
Keynote address2005/10/30～
PapersDetermination of the Title and Author of the MS Münich 378c; Through comparison with MSS of Mirʼāt al-ZamānIn refereedHASHIZUME RetsuOrient48,1,140-1532005/9～10.5356/jorient.48.1400030-5219In this paper I deal with an unidentified manuscript held in the Bayerische Staatsbibliothek, Münich 378c, which is a chronicle covering 402-436H, namely the latter part of the Buwayhid dynasty. This manuscript preserves the content of the chronicle of Hilāl al-Ṣābiʼ, almost all of which has been lost, and has therefore been used in the study of Buwayhid history. Because it is an unidentified manuscript, its value as a source is diminished. In this paper I was able to determine the author and title of Münich 378c, and in that process it became clear that there is a problem of the manuscript line of Mirʼāt al -Zamān, and then I tried to organize this
problem to.
In 1905 Amedroz examined Münich 378c by comparing it with the manuscript of Mirʼāt al-Zamān Or. 4619, but he came to no conclusion about the relationship. First, I reexamined his work, and I demonstrated the reason why he did not conclude that Münich 378c is a manuscript of Mirʼāt al-Zamān. Because, Or. 4619 is different from Münich 378c with respect to contents and the number of articles.
Second, I compared Münich 378c with manuscripts of Mirʼāt al-Zamān preserved in libraries of Istanbul, for example the libraries of Ahmet III and Köprülü. Münich 378c and the manuscripts of Mirʼāt al-Zamān in Istanbul turned out to belong the same line of manuscripts. Namely, Münich 378c is Mirʼāt al-Zamān, and the author is Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī.
Finally, in this paper I showed that Mirʼāt al-Zamān has two lines of manuscripts. Although this fact has been pointed out by Cl. Cahen and Li Guo, I demonstrated that problem of manuscript lines of Mirʼāt al-Zamān is more complicated than heretofore realized.
problem to.
In 1905 Amedroz examined Münich 378c by comparing it with the manuscript of Mirʼāt al-Zamān Or. 4619, but he came to no conclusion about the relationship. First, I reexamined his work, and I demonstrated the reason why he did not conclude that Münich 378c is a manuscript of Mirʼāt al-Zamān. Because, Or. 4619 is different from Münich 378c with respect to contents and the number of articles.
Second, I compared Münich 378c with manuscripts of Mirʼāt al-Zamān preserved in libraries of Istanbul, for example the libraries of Ahmet III and Köprülü. Münich 378c and the manuscripts of Mirʼāt al-Zamān in Istanbul turned out to belong the same line of manuscripts. Namely, Münich 378c is Mirʼāt al-Zamān, and the author is Sibṭ b. al-Jawzī.
Finally, in this paper I showed that Mirʼāt al-Zamān has two lines of manuscripts. Although this fact has been pointed out by Cl. Cahen and Li Guo, I demonstrated that problem of manuscript lines of Mirʼāt al-Zamān is more complicated than heretofore realized.
Keynote address2005/5/15～
Papers2004/9～10.5356/jorient.47.1710030-5219
PapersReview John J. Donohue, The Buwayhid Dynasty in Iraq 334H./945 to 403H./1012: Shaping Inatitutions for FutureHashizume RetsuThe Toyo Gakuho85,4,57-642004/3～
Book2004/1～463462110X
Book2003/12～480740332X
Papers2003/12～
Book2003/3～4879740330
Papers2003/3～
PapersThe Struggle for Power among the early Buwayhid Rulers and their Relations with the 'Abbasid Caliphs : An Examination of the Concepts of "Imara", "Riyasa", and "Mulk"In refereedHASHIZUME RetsuShigaku-ZasshiCXII,2,60-832003/2～10.24471/shigaku.112.2_2120018-2478Historians seem to regard the institution of the Caliphate as one of the most important problems in the Islamic political history. Even after the dissolution of the 'Abbasid Caliphate, that institution was still the main source of power and legitimacy, as seen in the Mamluk and Ottoman dynasties. It is generally understood that in the mid-ninth century when the amir al-umara' took over temporal power from the 'Abbasid Caliph, the Caliphate was reduced to a mere political symbol, granting legitimacy to the provincial regimes that were rising in various places at that time. A critical re-examination of the political relationships among the Buwayhid rulers and between the Caliph and the Buwayhid rulers, however, reveals that authorization by the 'Abbasid Caliph came not always into effect as the root of their legitimacy. In the earlier period, Buwayhid rulers were amirs appointed by the Caliph as his provincial officers. Acquiring the riyasa, which was the leadership of the Buwayhid family, became more important in claiming legitimacy after the struggle for power within that family. As a result, 'Adud al-Dawla, having won the riyasa of Buwayhid family, was no longer an amir appointed by the Caliph, but established himself as a "malik", meaning the holder of "mulk (sovereignty)", which did not originate from the 'Abbasid Caliphate. Judging from the above, the authority of the Caliphate as a political symbol was not always absolute, but rather was one of the several resources by which provincial regimes could legitimize their domination. So, when studying the development of political institutions after the emergence of the Saljuqid dynasty, must take the existence of malik and mulk into consideration.
Keynote address2002/10/20～
Book2002/3～4582126332
Book2002/3～4634413809
Keynote address2001/11/11～
PapersIn refereed2001/3～0386-9334
Courses Taught
- Introduction to the History of the Islamic World
- Introductory Lecture : Gateway to Learning (World History)
- Elementary Seminar in World History II
- Eurasian History A
- Studies in World History III
- Intermediate Seminar in World History I
- Intermediate Seminar in World History II
- Passport to Knowledge Ｂ (World History)
- Graduation Seminar in World History I
- Graduation Seminar in World History II
- History of West Asia A
- History of West Asia B
- Oriental History B
- Oriental History
- Personal Information
- Research Activities
- Research Activities
- Community Service
- Courses Taught